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Abstract

Transgender individuals experience notable health disparities when compared to cisgender individuals, primarily due to social stigma, discrimination, and inadequate access to healthcare. These disparities are evident in several critical areas like Mental Health: Transgender people often suffer from higher levels of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts, largely due to ongoing stigma and discrimination from society. These mental health challenges are compounded by lack of support and understanding from healthcare systems. Substance Abuse: There is a higher prevalence of substance abuse among transgender individuals, who may use substances to cope with societal pressures and discrimination. However, they face barriers in accessing appropriate treatment due to stigma and lack of specialized services. HIV and STIs: Transgender individuals, especially transgender women, face an increased risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. This heightened risk is exacerbated by a lack of targeted prevention strategies and resources tailored to their specific needs. Access to Healthcare: Transgender individuals encounter substantial obstacles in obtaining healthcare, including discrimination by providers, insufficient knowledge among healthcare professionals about transgender health needs, and financial barriers. Many insurance plans do not cover gender-affirming treatments, further limiting access to necessary care. Gender-Affirming Care: Essential medical interventions such as hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgeries are often inaccessible due to financial constraints and lack of knowledgeable providers. Access to these services is crucial for improving the mental and physical well-being of transgender individuals. Addressing these disparities involves a multifaceted approach, including enhancing education and training for healthcare providers, implementing inclusive policies, promoting community support, and investing in research. These strategies aim to create a more equitable healthcare environment that effectively meets the needs of transgender individuals.

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations (UN), and the World Bank are three international institutions that play a crucial role in the development and execution of global public health policy. This research paper examines this. The paper offers a thorough summary of the responsibilities and roles of these important organizations, emphasizing their contributions towards the governance of global health. The paper highlights the efficacy of these organizations in addressing a range of health challenges by analysing some of their successful public health initiatives, including the World Banks health financing projects, the UN s health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the WHO s Global Polio Eradication Initiative. It also emphasizes important limits and concerns in global health governance, such as problems with financing, political and bureaucratic roadblocks, coordinating, and responding to new health risks. The study provides tactical suggestions for improving the efficacy and efficiency of international health organizations to solve these issues. These suggestions include enhancing interagency cooperation, obtaining long-term financing, boosting political support, optimizing internal procedures, and fortifying quick reaction systems. The purpose of this study is to highlight the vital role that international organizations play in solving global health concerns and advancing public health by looking at these important features. The goal of this analysis is to offer suggestions for strengthening global health governance so that it can more effectively address present and upcoming health issues. For researchers, stakeholders, and policymakers, this report is an invaluable resource in the field of global health.

Abstract

This paper explores the intersection of human rights and development by focusing on the realization of transgender persons  rights as a critical pathway to societal progress. Despite legal advancements such as the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, transgender individuals continue to face significant challenges in achieving equality and inclusion. This study examines the current status of transgender rights, identifies key barriers to their full realization, and assesses the impact of these barriers on overall human development. Through a comprehensive analysis of legal frameworks, social attitudes, and policy implementations, the research underscores the importance of integrating transgender rights into the broader human rights agenda. By advocating for enhanced legal protections, social acceptance, and inclusive policies, this paper argues that recognizing and upholding the rights of transgender persons is not only a moral imperative but also a vital component of sustainable development. The findings highlight the need for a multi-faceted approach to address the complex issues faced by the transgender community and provide recommendations for policymakers, activists, and stakeholders committed to fostering an inclusive and equitable society.

Abstract

The Indian independence movement was a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that involved various individuals, groups, and ideologies. The Revolt of 1857 marked a pivotal moment in India s history, being the first widespread rebellion against British rule after the fall of the Mughal Empire. 

This study highlights the significance of preserving the accounts of those who participated in this revolt, particularly in Gujarat, to inspire future generations. Gujarat played a significant role, with leaders such as Garbaddas Mukhi, Jodha Manek, and Mulu Manek mobilizing resistance in key areas like Nandod, Dahod, and Chota Udepur. Despite lacking centralized leadership and support from local princely states, the revolt set a precedent for future movements. In the early 20th century, Gujarat also contributed to revolutionary activities, with figures like Sri Aurobindo and his brother Barindra Ghosh inspiring nationalist fervor. Other revolutionaries, such as Chhotubhai and Ambubhai Purani, and Mohanlal Pandya, furthered the cause, promoting both violent and non-violent methods of resistance. Gujarati revolutionaries abroad, such as Shyamji Krishna Verma, Sardarsinh Rana, Madam Bhikhaiji Cama, and Chagan Keraj Verma, played critical roles in raising international awareness, organizing protests, and fostering the revolutionary spirit. Their efforts, particularly through the Ghadar Party and other organizations, underscored the global dimension of India s struggle for independence.

Abstract

One of the main objectives of natural face toner formulation is to preserve skin and pore tonicity. This study advances our knowledge of the significance of pharmacologically active plant sources. To evaluate the potential antioxidant activity, a comparative investigation was conducted using methanol to extract the fresh flower of Convolvulus prostrates. An attempt was made to make a herbal face toner using glycerin (which has lubricating properties), convolvulus prostrates extract (which has anti-inflammatory capabilities), aloe vera gel (which has antifungal benefits), and rose water (which is astringent for skin). This project s main objective was to develop a herbal skin toner with astringent, relaxing, and soothing qualities for the face and skin that is safe and natural.